A Humanitarian Crisis

Pakistan is the sixth-most populated country in the world, with more than 172 million people living inside its borders. Of those, roughly twenty-five percent are school-aged children. And of those, just under half are girls. That is over twenty million girls who will not be educated, or whose education is under attack by the Taliban. These Islamic extremists believe that girls should not be educated, and should remain the ignorant and purely domestic women that mirror the path that many of their mothers have been forced into.
The Taliban very much resemble the fascist governments or groups of power that were prevalent before World War 2. As we know, these include the USSR under Stalin, Italy under Mussolini and Germany under the control of their fuehrer, Adolf Hitler, as well as Japan under Emperor Hirohito. Like these examples from the past, the Taliban has chosen to bypass the bureaucracy, and instead take power by force. Stalin used his uprising to directly seize the title of dictator, as did Mussolini. The Nazis most closely resemble the Taliban by way of their similar scare tactics and invoking of fear in their opposition. Both were relatively small, regional nuisances until they received greater attention, at which point their power exploded and they quickly became a force to be reckoned with. Both staged public displays of humiliating their rivals and executions, inspiring fear and giving them a pushover crowd to work with. However, after gaining popular support, the Nazis began to take parliamentary seats, and elected Hitler to be chancellor, while the Taliban has yet to take any legal political action to further its cause.
Instead, the Taliban focuses on fear-mongering and violently suppressing opposition. As they have accurately realized, a smart opponent is a dangerous opponent, so they have forbidden for girls to become educated, seeing as their lower status in fundamental Islamic society would make them more likely to stand up against the injustice. 20 million people are having their futures stripped away by an injust power. To put that in perspective, that is almost the same number as have died of AIDS in the last 30 years. I’m not saying that what these girls are suffering is as bad as having no immune system, but you notice that AIDS is considered a major humanitarian crisis, while the issue of girl’s education is commonly overlooked. Another example: malaria is a huge issue for the population of sub-Saharan Africa. For every person that dies of malaria, there is a girl in Pakistan having her life stripped away by the Taliban. Although frequently passed over, the issue of girl’s education in Pakistan as well as other Islamic-rule countries is a crisis that must be solved by the global community.

Dedication to Education

The Taliban are doing anything to keep Afghanistan girls out of school, but the girls’ dedication toward their education is superseding to their threats and terrorizations. Using fundamentalist Islamic values as a motive, the Taliban forbid women to attend school, work outside of home or wear any other clothing besides burkas. Originally these were only threats imposed to the public, but as the Taliban kept seizing more control over the nation disobeying these rules could lead to grave situations. Now girls are not allowed to attend school and those that do are paying a high price. The Taliban have gone to such drastic measures that they are spraying acid, like in Shamsia’s case, or monitoring specific schools until they close, like in Malala’s case.
Even though they use traditional Islamic values as an excuse for their terrorizations, it is more likely that their real intentions are to keep women as “stupid things” to prevent them from becoming individual minds that can endanger their control. Women, being almost half the population in Afghanistan, have the potential to unite and rise up against the Taliban successfully. With a decent education, girls can learn how to form, express, and put to action their opinions. Fearing that with a good education there is more of a chance that the women will resist against their control, the Taliban are doing anything to prevent these girls from attending school.
However, what is more impressing then the assaults the Taliban are doing is the devotion many girls have toward their education. While many students in the U.S. are cutting classes, girls in Afghanistan are defying not only the Taliban’s orders, but their parents’ will and sneaking out of the house just to go to class. As many schools were close many girls convert their own rooms into miniature classrooms. Some girls, like Shamsia Husseini, that have already been attacked by the Taliban are also continuing to attend classes. Such intrepid actions demonstrate these girls’ staggering dedication for their education.
It is clear that for many girls the Taliban’s threats and terrorizations will not stop them from persueing a decent education. Such dedication should be admired. These girls, like any other girls in the world have the right to an education and they should not have to be fighting for their rights. Yet they are. And they are fighting against a very dangerous and violent group. They are being penalized for not doing anything wrong. Facing such unjust punishments with such bravery should be commended for.

No Modern Day Gestapo

For me to relate Nazi Germany to modern day Afghanistan would be going out on a limb and tying together laces of history that do not make for a tight knot. I believe that a strong argument claiming 1930’s Europe is identical to modern day Afghanistan does not exist. While wrestling to form an argument about Nazi Germany and Afghanistan, one might start by comparing the similarities between the Nazi Party and the Taliban. One might say that the Taliban kills innocent citizens just as the Nazis did, and that they instill fear into the hearts of those they rule over. One could say that the Taliban takes control of communication and commerce as if they were Nazis. Let me convince you that the Taliban is no Nazi party. For one, all of Afghanistan disapproves of the Taliban's tactics and mentality, as exemplified through the democratic government that is in place -- a clear message that the Taliban is not welcome. We must remember that the Nazi party gained party members in the legislature through Hitler's campaign tactics, and took control of the government through politics rather than force -- something the Taliban demonstrated in 1996 after defeating the Soviet Union. As Hitler took control of Germany through the government, he gained followers that helped him ingrain the Nazi ideals into the German core. The momentum of the Nazi party did not grow through gunfire, but rather through the excitement of the German citizens. The Nazis then continued to prove to Germans that they were the answer to all of their economic failures. They succeeded in raising the unemployment rate from a few million to a few thousand, and brought Germany from a loser of WWI, to a major world power leading up to WWII. Hitler had an organized police force and bodyguard in the S.S. and S.A., and with Heinrich Himmler, Hitler convinced the Germans that they belonged to a nurturing and politically enhanced nation that would one day belong to the middle class that built it. The S.S. and S.A. created job opportunities for the youth of Germany, encouraging young men to belong to something greater than themselves, which from an economic and political standpoint is a strikingly good idea. This is completely different than the Taliban because these new jobs were a contributor to the strengthening economy of Germany. The Taliban are far from prominent in the economy of Afghanistan. Instead they are helping with its demise. Although it may appear that my argument is applauding the Nazi Party, I am only proving that they had everything that the Taliban does not -- the support of their nation.

Parallels Between the Taliban and the Nazis

We study the fascist dictators of the early 20th century in a very simple-minded way. When we read about them in our World History book it truly makes them along with all of their ideas seem like: history. In our country, and specifically where we live, we see no trace of these ideas. But, the truth is that these ideas are still present in the modern world. The Taliban in Afghanistan are a modern example of a fascist group. By living in the United States and learning so much about the destruction that these reigns of dictators caused, it is clear to us that these ideas are not only morally wrong, but also unproductive. In the U.S. we are lucky to be able to practice a number of freedoms. We have a very powerful, stable, and democratic government. It would be nearly impossible for a fascist group to turn Americans off of the democratic government and on to them. In countries such as Afghanistan, it is the polar opposite. For many people, the Taliban seems very attractive. The government is unstable and distrusting. The Taliban provides a stable set of laws and an alternative to the unorganized and unproductive government. Sound familiar? In early twentieth century Germany, the economic troubles combined with the unstable government made the Nazi movement look promising. Both groups started and gained followers in the same manner. Many of their ideas are also very similar. They both value the traditional lifestyle of woman in the home (demonstrated by the story of the girls getting acid thrown in their faces when attempting to attend school) and violence and fear to gain followers. The Taliban have not gone as far as the Nazis, trying to limit the world to one race, but who's to say that eventually they won't. When we look back and learn about the enormous amount of terror that the Nazi party bestowed upon the world, we have to remember that history has a way of repeating itself. Let's not forget that at its early stages the Nazi party was simply regarded as an overthrowing of the communist government.  To paraphrase a character in Cabaret: They will overthrow the communists and then we will take over. Who's we? Germany.

Similar Tactics to Power

My first reaction to the film was that it was a really sad situation, yet it is amazing the people are still holding strong and fighting back to the oppression by continuing their education. Looking back on it, you can really see the influences that fascist groups have over human psychology. The Taliban seem to use fascist tactics that have been used throughout the past to gain support at the same time as instilling a sense of fear and power. They have been trying to be the new totalitarian form of government through forcing people to conform to their radical views and have taken rash and quick momentary actions, such as throwing acid in girls faces and creating mass chaos. Although they seem to be a shady, unidentifiable group with no single leader, they have definitely used similar tactics as the nascent Nazi group when they rose to power. The Nazis were originally seen as a hoodlum gang, rather than a form of government. They gained support because Germany was suffering from the bad economy due to the aftermath of the war. They were able to steadily gain support through propaganda which convinced much of the youth. By taking control over the newspapers and other forms of communication, they were able to spread their ideas, scapegoating Jews, and creating xenophobia. These were all major contributing factors in their rise of support. Also, studies have shown that when a group does something that would normally be seen as unjust, people are much more likely to follow along because no one else is acting out. (group behavior) By creating a single ideal and mindset that many people conformed to, the Nazi party was able to take control of Germany. The Taliban too have been using similar tactics to gain support. They are primarily using fear to force people to conform to their leadership and their fundamentalist ideals. Their control over many parts of the middle east has greatly taken a toll on these countries economy and more importantly, their future generations. Hopefully the Taliban will be stopped and the millions of innocent people who are living in fear can get the education and the peace that they deserve.

The Price of Going to Class

At Menlo, the price of going to class is registered in dollars.  In Afghanistan, the price of going to class is your life.  We have the luxury of riding in cars or on trains to school.  Everyday thousands of women across Afghanistan travel miles by foot to get to schools.  Along their routes, they face the dangers of Taliban.  The only dangers we face are of street cameras catching us running a red light or making an illegal u-turn. Conditions in Afghanistan are frightening. Women are burned with acid, like Shamsia Husseini.  Her face was injured so badly that she was forced to leave the country to get it healed.  Posters, or Propaganda, are place on Mosques and on buildings saying "Don't let your daughters go to school." Afghani women face these problems because of the Taliban and their fundamentalist take on Islam.  The Taliban consider women as lesser beings, just as the Nazis did with the Jews.  These two examples of persecution are strikingly similiar.  While the Taliban may not have the same organization or power that the Nazis did, they certainly still believe in persecuting those who they view as lesser beings.  The Nazi party had to be completely crushed in order to stop the persecution.  The same has to be done for the Taliban.  We had them cornered in 2003, but we let them slip away. And now, they have begun to rebuild and regroup.  President Obama told us of his plans to redeploy troops from Iraq to Afghanistan.  He must come through on this promise for it is our duty, as Americans, to help those in the face of persecution.  It always has been and it always will be.  We can't allow a price for going to class.

An Inspiration to All

Tomorrow, I have a lab report, a paper, and a test. For the past three hours, I have sat at my desk, complaining to myself about how tomorrow is going to be a bad, stressful day. It's amazing how I'm giving the oppurtunity to complain, the privilledge to have such a academic day. Forget the fact that we go to an unbelievable school with extraordinary resources. Reading this article in Upfront and watching the video about Malala made me realize that they're are hundreds of thousands of girl who sit at home and dream about being in my position. Not only should I be grateful to have the chance to learn and get the level of education I am getting, but that I don't have to worry about being shot or having acid thrown on me on the way to school. For girls like Malala, her work is something to look forward to; her life is what is on the line.
We've been studying the fascist governments of Italy, Germany, Russia, and Japan. Fascism is defined as a dictatorial and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization, usually including obedience to a political leader and harsh ways of approaching the task at hand. I can't say whether I believe the Taliban are fascist or not. I am not fully educated on their beliefs on government, but their actions signal that they are semi-fascist. While it does not seem that they have the leadership or organization of a party like the Nazis or Mussilini's Italy, they take similar approaches as the leaders of the nations above. Through unjustified violence and hatred, they maintain power out of fear. In that short video we watched in class, we could see that more than half the girls didn't show up for school because the Taliban said not to over the radio. But education is too important to not have. None of these fascist movements overall have done much good and in no way are they permitted to take away one's rights, let alone education. Girls risk their faces and their lives everywhere. This dedication should never be denied, but looked up to.